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Cat Diseases Every Cat Lover Should Be Aware Of
If you have a cat, and want to keep it happy and healthy, your cat should be regularly taken to the vet for vaccinations to protect him from diseases. Cats can contract many diseases including Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP), Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV), and Feline Leukemia.
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP):
This is a cat disease caused by the coronavirus. There are many different types of coronavirus that can make your cat sick, but most do not cause serious illness. The type of coronavirus that causes FIP enters and grows in certain white blood cells in a cat’s bloodstream. The infected white blood cells travel through the cat’s body and cause a strong reaction in the tissues. Infected cats can transmit the virus to other cats through saliva and feces. Saliva gets into water and dishes, toys, clothes, beds and floors. The virus can live for several weeks but can be killed by common household cleaners and disinfectants. Multi-cat house owners should use one part household bleach to thirty-two parts water (4 oz. of bleach to a gallon of water).
Symptoms of FIP include a mild upper respiratory infection where the cat sneezes, has watery eyes, and a runny nose. Sometimes cats suffer from mild diarrhea. Cats usually recover completely from FIP and can carry the virus. Unfortunately, some cats can develop the fatal disease weeks, months, or years after first being infected.
Symptoms of fatal FIP include anemia, depression, fever, and weight loss. A cat with kidney disease (drinks more water and urine), or with liver disease or pancreatic disease will show signs of diarrhea and vomiting and diabetes. It can also be a neurological disorder, characterized by loss of balance, behavioral changes, paralysis and seizures. There may be eye disease, inflammation of the eyes, or blindness. Because there are so many different symptoms, FIP can be difficult for veterinarians to diagnose.
Cats that are very young or older than 10 years old, or cats that are in poor physical condition are more likely to get FIP.
The first FIP vaccine (Primucell PIF) was introduced in 1991.
FIP has not been documented in any species other than the pig population.
Fibrous Inhibitors (FIV):
The virus that causes Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is the same retrovirus family of viruses that includes the feline leukemia virus (FeLV), but differs in features including the shape of the virus and the genetics.
FIV is spread through bite wounds; therefore cats that are outdoor cats that are allowed to roam freely are prone to this disease. Sometimes a mother cat passes the disease on to her kittens while passing through the birth canal or milking during lactation.
Cats can carry the FIV virus for years before showing signs of infection. A virus can make a cat more susceptible to infections caused by common bacteria, viruses, protozoa, or fungi found in everyday environments that would not affect a healthy cat. A cat with FIV has a weakened immune system.
Symptoms of FIV infection:
Early in the disease the virus is carried to nearby lymph nodes where the white blood cells are produced and the virus spreads to other lymph nodes throughout the body, causing a short-term enlargement. of the lymph nodes, if the doctor is examining them. cat at this time the doctor will see swollen lymph nodes. There is usually a high fever when the lymph nodes are enlarged.
As the health of a cat with FIV declines, the owner may notice loss of appetite, poor coat condition, inflamed gums (gingivitis) and inflamed mouth (stomatitis), and chronic skin infections. , urinary tract infections and upper respiratory infections. death is common. Weight loss is very common, but the disease continues, followed by severe disease at the end of the disease. When a cat has FIV, they are at risk of developing various cancers and blood disorders. Some cats with FIV may have castrations, behavioral changes and other cancers.
The diagnosis is made by a simple blood test.
There is an FIV vaccine.
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV):
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus, as is FIV, and HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus. In the US about 2 to 3% of cats are infected with FeLV.
FeLV is spread through saliva and nasal secretions, but can also be spread by contaminated urine, feces, and milk from infected cats. It can be spread by biting, sharing litter boxes, feeding food and water dishes. An infected mother cat can transmit FeLV to her foster kittens. Cats in multiple households where there are infected cats are at risk, and cats that are allowed to go outside unsupervised can be bitten by an infected cat.
Symptoms of FeLV include loss of appetite, lethargy and weight loss, poor coat condition, excessive flu coats, persistent fever, gum disease, gingivitis, stomatitis , skin infections, urinary tract infections, upper respiratory infections, persistent diarrhea, seizures, behavioral changes, and eye conditions.
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